Lesson on conditionals:
If everyone in the US gets vaccinated, there will be far fewer cases of Covid-19. (This is a possibility about the future.)
If women had equal rights, they would be paid the same as men in all professions. (Women don’t have equal rights now.)
If she had been hired for the job, she would have been the first female CEO of that company. (She wasn’t hired for the job)
A. True in the present and future:
If you have a big test, you study for it. (present)
If I have a big test next week, I will study for it this weekend. (future)
B. Untrue in the present/future (imaginary)
If we studied more, we would do better in our classes.
Do we study enough? No.
He would travel around the world if he won the lottery. Does he have enough money to travel? No.
If I were wealthy, I could buy a house. Do I own a house? No.
If she were in class today, she could ask me questions about the homework.
If my children made me dinner tonight, I would be so happy.
If I had more energy, I would work in my yard more often.
C. Untrue in the past:
If she hadn’t eaten so much last year, she wouldn’t have gainedweight. Did she eat too much? Yes, she did. She gained weight.
If he had driven more carefully this morning, he wouldn’t have gotten a ticket.
Did he drive carefully? No, he didn’t.
There would not have been a violent protest in the Capitol Building if Trump had won the election.
If I hadn’t been at the party last summer, I wouldn’t have met so many new friends.
If I had woken up early yesterday, I wouldn’t have missed my meeting.
Write a couple of sentences with untrue conditionals in the present and/or past about your life.
Example:
If I exercised more, I would be in better shape. (present)
If I hadn’t gotten my Masters Degree at SF State, I wouldn’t have met my husband.
If I were better at time management, I wouldn’t be stressing over finishing everything before the due date.(past)
If I saved more money, I could go to Iran sooner. What time frame are we writing about? present/future
If I only had enough time, I would be able to answer all the test questions.
If I had gone to bed early last night, I wouldn't be sleepy right now. (mixed conditional)
If I hadn't taken ESL, I would not have met you guys here.
If I had attended more classes in summer semester, I would be in a higher level. (mixed)
If I were vaccinated, I couldn't get Covid-19.
If i had studied English for 10 years, I would be better in English now (mixed)
I had gotten vaccinated sooner, I wouldn’t have gotten Covid-19. (I didn’t get vaccinated soon enough so I got Covid.)
If the pandemic hadn’t happened, my high school graduation ceremony wouldn’t have been canceled.
D. Mixed condition: Sometimes we combine untrue conditions in the past and the present.
For example:
If I had studied more English in my native country (past), I wouldn’t have to take ESL 265 (present).
If he had started to work last summer (past), he would have a lot of money saved now (present). Does he have a lot of money now? No.
If she knew how to cook(present), she would have made a delicious dinner for her friend last night (past).
Think of a sentence with a mixed condition.
If I lived in the US, I would have changed my life.
If i had started to save money, i would buy my own house now
If we didn’t move, I would have swam every day.
If I had gotten married, I would have 4 kids now.
If the pandemic hadn’t happened, I would be in the US right now.
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